Question 1

How would you read data from a web API? What steps would you follow after reading the data?

Accepted Answer

**Why this matters**: APIs are external dependencies—unreliable, rate-limited, schema-evolving. Production ingestion must be resilient, auditable, and idempotent. **Steps**: (1) **Contract & auth**: Define schema (Pydantic, JSON Schema); store credentials in secrets manager (Vault, AWS Secrets). OAuth tokens need refresh logic. (2) **Pagination & rate limiting**: Offset/cursor-based; loop until empty. Respect Retry-After; implement exponential backoff....

Question 2

Explain your recent projects in detail.

Accepted Answer

**Projects**: (1) Event streaming—10M+ events/day; Kafka, Flink, ClickHouse; real-time dashboards; (2) Data mesh—domain-oriented products, ownership, SLAs; (3) dbt layer—modular SQL, tests, docs.

**Contribution**: Event schema design; exactly-once semantics; monitoring. Data mesh standards for discoverability. Python, Spark, dbt....

Question 3

How do you move files in DBFS?

Accepted Answer

**Commands**: dbutils.fs.cp (copy); dbutils.fs.mv (move = copy + delete). For dirs: recursive copy or %sh cp -r. Large: Spark read/write or distcp. Verify after move; versioned paths for rollback; consider mounts for external.

Question 4

Primary Key vs. Secondary Key?

Accepted Answer

PRIMARY KEY: Unique identifier; one per table; NOT NULL; used for FKs. SECONDARY KEY: Non-primary unique (e.g., email, passport); can have multiple; supports lookups. WHY: PK enables referential integrity; secondary keys support alternate access paths. SCALABILITY: Index on PK is default; secondary keys need explicit indexes. COST: More indexes = slower writes, more storage; choose based on query patterns....

Question 5

What is a Foreign Key?

Accepted Answer

Column(s) referencing parent PK. Referential integrity. Example: orders.customer_id REFERENCES customers(id). ON DELETE CASCADE/SET NULL. Not all enforce (BigQuery = metadata). WHY: Prevents orphans. Trade-off: Integrity vs....

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