Question 1

What are traits in Scala, and how are they different from classes?

Accepted Answer

**Traits**: Interface-like constructs that can define abstract and concrete methods/fields. Support multiple inheritance of type. Mixed in via `with`.

**Classes**: Define objects with state and behavior. Single inheritance; one superclass.

**Key Differences**: Traits enable composition; classes define core logic. Traits can be partially implemented; classes hold primary behavior....

Question 2

How are strings handled in Scala? How are they different from Java strings?

Accepted Answer

**Scala:** java.lang.String; immutable. StringOps for extra methods. Interpolation: s"$name". Multiline: """""". **vs Java:** Same object; Scala adds rich API. **Regex:** .r. **Why:** Interop. **Production:** String interpolator for SQL.

Question 3

Write a Scala code to print prime numbers.

Accepted Answer

**Sieve of Eratosthenes:** O(n log log n). Mark composites. Simple check: (2 to sqrt(n)).forall(n % _ != 0). For large ranges, sieve wins.

**Scala Style:** (2 to N).filter(n => (2 to math.sqrt(n).toInt).forall(n % _ != 0))....

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