Spark job tuning: (1) Increase partitions if underutilized—spark.default.parallelism, repartition. (2) Cache repeated stages. (3) Broadcast small tables. (4) Fix skew—salting, AQE. (5) Avoid unnecessary shuffles. (6) Coalesce before writes. (7) Tune executor memory, cores. (8) Use dynamic allocation. (9) Check data skew—monitor task duration variance. (10) Optimize UDFs—use native functions when possible....
The complete answer continues with detailed implementation patterns, architectural trade-offs, and production-grade considerations. It covers performance optimization strategies, common pitfalls to avoid, and real-world examples from companies like Walmart. The answer also includes follow-up discussion points that interviewers commonly explore.
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