**Why mode matters**: Resource allocation and multi-tenancy differ. **Standalone**: Spark's built-in manager; simple; single-tenant. **YARN**: Hadoop resource manager; multi-tenant; queue management; enterprise. **Databricks**: Managed Spark; no direct YARN; uses cloud compute. On-prem Databricks can use YARN. **Scalability trade-offs**: Standalone = dev/simple; YARN = shared clusters, fairness. **Cost implications**: YARN enables resource sharing; standalone = dedicated....
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