**Why task design matters**: Clear tasks = debuggable, testable, resumable. **In Airflow**: Tasks = operators (PythonOperator, BashOperator, etc.). Define with `task_id`. Dependencies: `task_a >> task_b` or `task_a.set_downstream(task_b)`. TaskGroup for grouping. **Scalability trade-offs**: Too many small tasks = overhead; too few = coarse retries. **Cost implications**: Task overhead = DB/worker time; balance granularity....
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