**Why it matters**: At scale, design choices directly impact reliability, latency, and cost. Wrong decisions compound across jobs and teams.
Glacier transitions: (1) Lifecycle rules—create rule to transition to Glacier Instant Retrieval or Deep Archive after X days. (2) Instant Retrieval—ms retrieval, higher cost. (3) Deep Archive—hours retrieval, lowest cost. Configure: S3 Lifecycle > Add rule > Transition to Glacier. Use case: Move cold data (e.g., >90 days) to Deep Archive....
The complete answer continues with detailed implementation patterns, architectural trade-offs, and production-grade considerations. It covers performance optimization strategies, common pitfalls to avoid, and real-world examples from companies like Capco. The answer also includes follow-up discussion points that interviewers commonly explore.
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