**Get**: `hadoop fs -get /hdfs/path /local/path` — copies file/dir from HDFS to local. `-ignoreCrc` skips checksum (use cautiously).
**Getmerge**: `hadoop fs -getmerge /hdfs/dir /local/merged_file` — concatenates all files in HDFS dir into one local file. `-nl` adds newline between files.
**Why Use**: Export query results, consolidate small files for single-file consumer....
The complete answer continues with detailed implementation patterns, architectural trade-offs, and production-grade considerations. It covers performance optimization strategies, common pitfalls to avoid, and real-world examples from companies like Altimetrik. The answer also includes follow-up discussion points that interviewers commonly explore.
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