**Section 1 — The Context (The 'Why')**
Real-time stock trade systems must capture every tick with millisecond latency. The primary challenge is write throughput, exactly-once semantics for P&L, and querying raw and aggregated data....
The complete answer continues with detailed implementation patterns, architectural trade-offs, and production-grade considerations. It covers performance optimization strategies, common pitfalls to avoid, and real-world examples from companies like Goldman Sachs. The answer also includes follow-up discussion points that interviewers commonly explore.
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