**SDLC**: Planning, design, build, test, deploy, maintain. **Waterfall**: Sequential; each phase completes before next; minimal backtracking. Good for stable, well-defined projects; rigid to change.
**Agile**: Iterative; short cycles; embraces change. Scrum, Kanban.
**Data Engineering**: Hybrid common—agile for pipelines; formal change control for production schema....
The complete answer continues with detailed implementation patterns, architectural trade-offs, and production-grade considerations. It covers performance optimization strategies, common pitfalls to avoid, and real-world examples from companies like Freecharge. The answer also includes follow-up discussion points that interviewers commonly explore.
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