**SCD Types**: Type 1—overwrite, no history; Type 2—effective_from/to, is_current; Type 3—previous value column. Type 2 most common.
**Implementation**: On change: set effective_to=now() on current; insert new with effective_from=now(), is_current=1. Query: WHERE is_current=1 or effective_from<=@date AND (effective_to IS NULL OR effective_to>@date). Delta merge/upsert....
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