At rest: Encryption (AWS-managed or KMS). In transit: SSL/TLS; rds.force_ssl=1; ACM. Best practice: Encrypt new instances; enforce SSL in parameter group; VPC + security groups; IAM auth optional; rotate credentials; CloudTrail and Enhanced Monitoring.
The complete answer continues with detailed implementation patterns, architectural trade-offs, and production-grade considerations. It covers performance optimization strategies, common pitfalls to avoid, and real-world examples from companies like Persistent Systems. The answer also includes follow-up discussion points that interviewers commonly explore.
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