Manager = employee who is parent_id for at least one other. SQL: SELECT e.id, e.name, CASE WHEN EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM employees e2 WHERE e2.manager_id = e.id) THEN 'Manager' ELSE 'Non-Manager' END AS role FROM employees e. WHY: EXISTS is efficient—short-circuits; avoids duplicate scans. Handle NULL manager_id (CEO). SCALABILITY: Index on manager_id; for large orgs, consider materialized view or closure table for hierarchy queries....
The complete answer continues with detailed implementation patterns, architectural trade-offs, and production-grade considerations. It covers performance optimization strategies, common pitfalls to avoid, and real-world examples from companies like HashedIn. The answer also includes follow-up discussion points that interviewers commonly explore.
Continue Reading the Full Answer
Unlock the complete expert answer with code examples, trade-offs, and pro tips - plus 1,863+ more.
Or upgrade to Platform Pro - $39
Engineers who used these answers got offers at
AmazonDatabricksSnowflakeGoogleMeta
According to DataEngPrep.tech, this is one of the most frequently asked General/Other interview questions, reported at 1 company. DataEngPrep.tech maintains a curated database of 1,863+ real data engineering interview questions across 7 categories, verified by industry professionals.