**Why parallelism**: Single-threaded copy underutilizes source, sink, and network. parallelCopies controls concurrent read operations in a Copy activity. **Architecture**: parallelCopies (default 1, max ~32 on Azure IR) × dataIntegrationUnits (DIU) determines throughput. For partitioned sources (e.g., tables with partition key), set partitionOption to physical partition so ADF splits work. For file sources, increase parallelCopies; for database, partition by key....
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