**Why it matters**: At scale, design choices directly impact reliability, latency, and cost. Wrong decisions compound across jobs and teams.
Databricks integrates with external storage via: (1) Cloud object storage—S3, ADLS, GCS mounted or accessed via URIs (`s3://`, `abfss://`, `gs://`). (2) Unity Catalog—external locations and storage credentials for managed access. (3) JDBC/ODBC—for databases. (4) Kafka, Kinesis—for streaming....
The complete answer continues with detailed implementation patterns, architectural trade-offs, and production-grade considerations. It covers performance optimization strategies, common pitfalls to avoid, and real-world examples from companies like TCS. The answer also includes follow-up discussion points that interviewers commonly explore.
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